For merchandise and fashion there are mainly 3 particular methods of screen printing employed. In t-shirt printing, ‘Spot Colour’ printing is the most common and works exceptionally well for a great variety of graphics. Spot color printing is used for those graphics that do not have photographic properties.

The colored ink that is used in reproducing graphic images are chosen by a graphic designer and more often than not are Pantone specified colors. In order to isolate the hues of the ink in the image, Pantone coated or noncoated references are selected. Used in publishing, printing and design whereby each colour is identified by a unique pantone name and number, the Pantone matching system is an international colour reference.

Branded promotional garments, or other merchandise where color identify and uniformity must stay constant, are particularly well suited for spot color printing.

An additional method of t-shirt printing used is called 4 Colour Process. This is the best way to print photographs and illustrations which contain broad colour ranges, tones, and graduations. Hard covers, paperbacks and periodicals all use the same four-colour process.

Reproducing the colours of the original image requires a mixing of translucent inks on a white background. This is certainly a much harder procedure to do on material than it is to do on paper. But the method used is about the same.

This method of tshirt printing is only useful for white garments, and will not work well on coloured fabrics.

The cost for the print set up is going to be a lot higher than that of simple spot colour designs and is only good for the bigger print runs of 100+. When the t-shirt printers make full coloured images and put them on coloured fabrics this is called ‘Simulated process’. Much like spot colour printing, the art is divided into tones and colours to preserve the essential qualities of the original.

Most t-shirt printers use this method, and it is especially popular when used to copy fantasy and heavy metal album artwork onto shirts to be sold by the band. Colour separations and the number of colors necessary make this the most expensive printing option, and the higher set-up costs mean it is usually reserved for larger runs.


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